The Malong Revolt of 1660: An Attempt to Overthrow Spanish Colonial Rule in Pangasinan

In 1660, a revolt known as the Malong Revolt broke out in the Philippines, led by Andres Malong of Binalatongan (now San Carlos City in Pangasinan). The revolt was an attempt to overthrow Spanish colonial rule and establish an independent Filipino state. Malong and his followers were encouraged by the recent Dutch takeover of Manila, which had briefly disrupted Spanish control of the region.

Malong was a well-respected local leader, known for his bravery and leadership skills. He had already earned a reputation for challenging Spanish authority, having been imprisoned several times for his opposition to colonial rule. Malong’s charisma and influence allowed him to mobilize a large group of followers, who were eager to support his vision of a free and independent Philippines.

The revolt began in early November 1660, when Malong and his followers declared themselves independent and established a government led by Malong as “Ari,” or ruler. The new government sought to establish trade relations with neighboring countries, including China and Japan, in order to build a stronger and more prosperous state. However, the declaration of independence was short-lived, as the Spanish quickly mobilized to crush the rebellion.

The Spanish were well-prepared to deal with the revolt, having been alerted to the brewing rebellion by their network of informants. They quickly mobilized their army and, within a month, had subdued the rebels and restored Spanish control over the region. Malong was captured and executed, along with several other rebel leaders.

The Malong Revolt was a significant event in Philippine history, as it was one of the earliest organized attempts to challenge Spanish colonial rule. It was also a reminder of the fragility of local resistance movements, which often lacked the resources and support necessary to mount a successful challenge to colonial power. The Malong Revolt ultimately failed, but it laid the groundwork for future rebellions and uprisings against colonial rule.